©2023 International Society of Arboriculture Arboriculture & Urban Forestry 49(4): July 2023 199 species (scientific or common name), or (2) searching through location (postcode or suburb name). Individ- ual species searches will direct users to the species page, which displays information on species’ traits and maps showing climate suitability and occurrence records (Figure 2). Users have the option to input their desired location via postcode or suburb name directly onto the species page to retrieve that species’ climate suitability for 2030, 2050, and 2070. When conducting a location search, users can input their desired postcode or suburb name to obtain a list of species which are climatically suitable for the area. The species output is ordered alphabetically accord- ing to climate suitability, with species that are suitable for all time periods listed first, followed by species that are climatically suitable for 2030 and 2050 and marginally suitable for 2070, and so on. Users can then filter search results using a variety of categories including growth form, size, and co-benefits (Figure 3). Users can choose to add their selected species to their palette. The palette page displays information about the number of taxa (species, genera, and fami- lies) and growth forms in the palette, enabling easy assessment of planting diversity. If there are 10 or more different plants selected for a palette, the tool will automatically calculate various co-benefits pro- vided by this selection of plants (Figure 1). Palettes can be exported as a comma-separated values (CSV) file, containing information on species name, climate suitability, and co-benefits. This function is designed to assist in planning and specification of urban greening sites. Within the tool, users can create and manage multiple palettes for various urban greening projects. DISCUSSION Climate change has had significant measurable effects in many ecosystems around the world, including urban ecosystems (IPCC 2022). However, the effects of climate change may be intensified in urban areas due to compounding effects of the urban heat island and impervious surfaces that reduce water infiltration (Sæbø et al. 2003). To ensure that urban green spaces survive and thrive into the future, information about which species will tolerate future climate conditions is needed now. Which Plant Where aims to provide a comprehensive guide to supporting resilient climate- ready urban green spaces by providing the tools and resources needed through the entire process, from plan- ning to implementation and maintenance. It contains articles and best practice guidelines covering topics such as plant selection, plant procurement, and urban forest management. The tool contains information for over 2,500 native and exotic plant species, cultivars, varieties, and hybrids from a range of different growth forms. Users of the tool can easily select climatically suitable species for their urban greening projects based on specific locations. The tool also offers alter- native species based on climate suitability to help diversify plantings and provide options where substi- tutions may have to be made. Lastly, Which Plant Table 2. Breakdown of different types of taxa found in the Which Plant Where plant-selector tool. Note that genus cultivars refer to plants with only a genus name and a cultivar/variety name (e.g., Correa ‘Adorabell’). Similarly, hybrid cultivars refer to plants with only a hybrid name and a cultivar/variety name (e.g., Citrus × paradisi ‘Marsh’). Category Frequency Species 1,840 Cultivar/variety 508 Genus cultivar 91 Subspecies 33 Hybrid 27 Hybrid cultivar 9 Total 2,508 Table 3. Summary of different growth forms found in the Which Plant Where plant-selector tool. Note that the total number is not equal to the total number of unique plants in the tool, as some plants may be classified as multiple growth forms (i.e., a plant could be both a shrub and a tree). Growth form Frequency Shrub 1,335 Tree 942 Herbaceous 303 Grass-like 105 Climber 54 Succulent 53 Palm 22 Fern 15 Cycad 6
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