124 Smart for input and discussion of plant physiology and herbicide mode of action and Kimberly Bohn, Leonard Machut, Dr. Shepard Zedaker, and Dr. Ruth Yanai for their reviews of earlier drafts of this paper. LITERATURE CITED Abrahamson, L.P. 1983. Control of Beech Root and Stump Sprouts by Herbicide Injection of Parent Trees. Forestry Research Note RN-SOF-81-001. SUNY College of Envi- ronmental Science and Forestry, Syracuse, NY. Abrahamson, L.P., C.A. Nowak, P.M. Charlton, and P.G. Snyder. 1995. Cost effectiveness of herbicide and non- herbicide vegetation management methods for electric utility rights-of-way in the Northeast: state-of-the art re- view, pp. 27–43. In Proceedings of the Fifth International Symposium on Environmental Concerns in Rights-of- Way Management, September 19–22, 1993, Montreal, Quebec, Canada. Doucet, G.J., Séguin, C., and Giguère, M., Eds. Hydro-Québec, Quebec, Canada. Ahrens, W.H. 1994. Herbicide Handbook, 7th ed. Weed Sci- ence Society of America, Champaign, IL. Gangstad, E.O. 1989. Woody Brush Control. CRC Press, Inc., Boca Raton, FL. Grimm, E., A. Grube, S. Jahnke, and S. Neumann. 1995. Retention of xenobiotics along the phloem path. Planta 197:11–18. Kochenderfer, J.D., J.N. Kochenderfer, D.A. Warner, and G.W. Miller. 2004. Preharvest manual herbicide treat- ments for controlling American beech in central West Virginia. Northern Journal of Applied Forestry 21:40–49. Lourens, A.F., and D.E. Bayer. 1996. Seasonal differences in carbohydrate and glyphosate accumulation in the rhi- zomes of Johnsongrass (Sorghum halepense). Applied Plant Science 10:37–41. McLoughlin, K.T. 1997. Application of Integrated Pest Man- agement to electric utility rights-of-way vegetation man- agement in New York State, pp. 118–126. In Proceedings of the Sixth International Symposium on Environmental Concerns in Rights-of-Way Management, February 24–26, 1997, New Orleans, LA. William, J.R., Goodrich- Mahoney, J.W., Wisniewski, J.R., and Wisniewski, J., Eds. Elsevier Science Inc., New York, NY. ———. 2002. Integrated Vegetation Management: the ex- ploration of a concept to application, pp. 29–45. In Pro- ceedings of the Seventh International Symposium on En- vironmental Concerns in Rights-of-Way Management, September 9–13, 2001, Calgary, Alberta, Canada. Go- odrich-Mahoney, J.W., Mutrie, D.F., and Guild, C.A., Eds. Elsevier, Kidlington, Oxford, U.K. Nowak, C.A., L.P. Abrahamson, E.F. Neuhauser, et al. 1992. Cost-effective vegetation management on a recently cleared electric transmission line right-of-way. Weed Technology 6:828–837. Nowak, C.A., L.P. Abrahamson, and D.J. Raynal. 1993. Pow- ©2006 International Society of Arboriculture erline corridor vegetation management trends in New York State: has a post-herbicide era begun? Journal of Arboriculture 19:20–26. Nowak, C.A., and B.D. Ballard. 2005. Off-target herbicide deposition associated with treating individual trees. Envi- ronmental Management 36:237–247. SAS Institute. 2002. SAS Institute, Inc., SAS Campus Drive, Cary, NC. Sulak, J.A., and J.J. Kielbaso. 2000. Vegetation management along transmission utility lines in the United States and Canada. Journal of Arboriculture 26:198–205. Troth, J.L., R.F. Lowery, and F.G. Fallis. 1986. Herbicides as cut-stump treatments during precommercial thinning, pp. 297–304. Proceedings of the 39th Annual Meeting of the Southern Weed Science Society, January 20–22, 1986, Nashville, TN. Southern Weed Science Society, Cham- paign, IL. U.S. EPA. 1998. National primary drinking water regula- tions, contaminant specific fact sheets, synthetic organic chemicals—technical version. Revised January 23, 1998. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Ground Water and Drinking Water, Washington, DC. Wahlers, R.L., J.D. Burton, E.P. Maness, and W.A. Skroch. 1997. Physiological characteristics of a stem cut and blade delivery method of application. Weed Science 45: 746–749. Zedaker, S.M., J.B. Lewis, D.W. Smith, and R.E. Kreh. 1987. Impact of season of harvest and site quality on cut-stump treatment of Piedmont hardwoods. Southern Journal of Applied Forestry 11:46–49. Benjamin D. Ballard (corresponding author) Research Scientist Faculty of Forest and Natural Resources Management State University of New York College of Environmental Science and Forestry 218 Marshall Hall, 1 Forestry Drive Syracuse, NY 13210, U.S.
[email protected] Christopher A. Nowak Associate Professor Faculty of Forest and Natural Resources Management State University of New York College of Environmental Science and Forestry 215 Marshall Hall, 1 Forestry Drive Syracuse, NY 13210, U.S.
[email protected] Résumé. L’abattage des arbres à grand déploiement au sein des emprises de lignes de transport d’électricité est nécessaire pour la sécurité et la continuité du service. La coupe au niveau de la souche
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