212 Struve et al.: Growth and Water Use Characteristics of Oak Jensen, R.J. 1977. A preliminary numerical analysis of the red oak complex in Michigan and Wisconsin. Taxon 26: 399–407. Jensen, R.J., R. DePiero, and B.K. Smith. 1984. Vegetative characters, population variation and the hybrid origin of Quercus ellipsoidalis. American Midland Naturalist 111: 364–370. Jensen, R.J., and W.H. Eshbaugh. 1976. Numerical taxo- nomic studies of hybridization in Quercus. I: Populations of restricted areal distribution and low taxonomic diver- sity. Systematic Botany 1:1–10. Kriebel, H.B., W.T. Bagley, E.J. Deneke, R.W. Funsch, P. Roth, J.J. Jokela, C. Merritt, J.W. Wright, and R.D. Williams. 1977. Geographic variation in Quercus rubra in north central United States plantations. Silvae Genetica 25:118–122. Kriebel, H.B., C. Merritt, and T. Stadt. 1988. Genetics of growth rate in Quercus rubra: provenance and family ef- fects by the early third decade in the North Central USA. Silvae Genetica 37:193–198. Long, T.J., and R.H. Jones. 1996. Seedling growth strategies and seed size effects in fourteen oak species native to different soil moisture habitats. Trees (Berlin) 11:1–8. Manos, P.S., and D.E. Fairbrothers. 1987. Allozyme variation in populations of six Northeastern American red oak (Fagaceae:Quercus subg. Erythobalanus). Systematic Botany 12:365–373. Palmer, E.J. 1948. Hybrid oaks of North America. Journal of the Arnold Arboretum 24:1–49. Schlarbaum, S.E., and W.T. Bagley. 1981. Intraspecific ge- netic variation of Quercus rubra L., Northern red oak. Silvae Genetica 30:50–56. Schwarzmann, J.F., and H.D. Gerhold. 1991. Genetic struc- ture and mating system of northern red oak (Quercus rubra L.) in Pennsylvania. Forest Science 37:1376–1389. Sork, V.L., S. Huang, and E. Wiener. 1993. Macrogeographic and fine-scale genetic structure in a North American oak species, Quercus rubra L. Annales Des Sciences Fores- tieres 50(suppl 1):261–270s. Spetich, M.A., D.C. Dey, P.S. Johnson, and D.L. Graney. 2002. Competitive capacity of Quercus rubra L. planted in Arkansas’ Boston mountains. Forest Science 48: 504–517. Struve, D.K., and S.E. McKeand. 1994. Importance of red oak mother tree to nursery productivity. Journal of En- viornmental Horticulture 12:23–26. Tomlinson, P.T., R.J. Jensen, and J.F. Hancock. 2000. Do whole tree silvic characters indicate hybridization in red oak (Quercus section Lobatea)? American Midland Natu- ralist 143:154–168. Received for publication September 15, 2005, in revised form May 15, 2006. Manuscript No. 05-28. The Ohio Agricultural Re- ©2006 International Society of Arboriculture search and Development Center, The Ohio State University, Colum- bus, OH. Daniel K. Struve (corresponding author) Professor Department of Horticulture and Crop Science The Ohio State University 2001 Fyffe Ct. Columbus, OH 43210, U.S.
[email protected] Petra Sternberg Graduate Student Department of Horticulture and Crop Science The Ohio State University 2001 Fyffe Ct. Columbus, OH 43210, U.S. Nick Drunasky Former Graduate Research Assistant Department of Horticulture and Crop Science The Ohio State University 2001 Fyffe Ct. Columbus, OH 43210, U.S. Kurt Bresko Research Associate Department of Horticulture and Crop Science The Ohio State University 2001 Fyffe Ct. Columbus, OH 43210, U.S. Rico Gonzalez Former Graduate Research Assistant Department of Horticulture and Crop Science The Ohio State University 2001 Fyffe Ct. Columbus, OH 43210, U.S. Zusammenfassung. In einer Serie von 4 Experimenten wurden bei 6 amerikanischen Eichenarten der Sämlingaufwuchs und der Wasserverbrauch untersucht, um den inter und intra-artenspezif- ischen Wasserverbrauch zu bestimmen. Die an trockene Standorte adaptieren Arten Q. prinus, Q. velutina hatten ein langsameres Wachstum (Höhe und Trockengewichtakkumulation und niedriges Trieb-Wurzel-Verhältnis) als die an mittlere Standorte adaptierten Arten (Q. macrocarpus, Q. palustris, Q. rubra und Q. shumardii). Die prinzipielle Komponentenanalyse (eine statistische Technik zur Identifikation von korrelierten Variablen) benutzte 11 Variablen und kam in dem ersten Durchgang zu dem Ergebnis, dass der Wasser- verbrauch der Sämlinge positiv mit den Wachstumsfaktoren (größere Sämlinge tendieren zu größeren Trockengewichten, größeren Blatt- und Wurzelflächen und verbrauchen mehr Wasser
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