Arboriculture & Urban Forestry 33(2): March 2007 129 Brasier, C.M., S. Denman, A. Brown, and J. Webber. 2004. Sudden oak death (Phytophthora ramorum) discovered on trees in Europe. Mycological Research 108:1108–1110. Brasier, C.M., J. Rose, and J.N. Gibbs. 1995. An unusual Phytophthora associated with widespread alder mortality in Britain. Plant Pathology 44:999–1007. Brasier, C.M., and R.G. Strouts. 1976. New Records of Phy- tophthora on trees in Britain I. Phytophthora root rot and Bleeding canker of Horse chestnut (Aesculus hippocasta- num L.). European Journal of Forest Pathology 6: 129–136. Brown, E.A., and K.O. Britton. 1986. Botryosphaeria dis- eases of apple and peach in the Southeastern United States. Plant Disease 70:480–484. Cameron, H.R. 1970. Pseudomonas content of cherry trees. Phytopathology 60:1343–1346. Campbell, W.A., and M.E. Gallegly. 1965. Phytophthora he- veae from Eastern Tennessee and western North Carolina. Plant Disease Report 49:233–234. Caroselli, N.E. 1953. Bleeding canker disease of hardwoods. Bartlett Tree Research Laboratories Scientific Tree Top- ics 2:1–6. Caroselli, N.E., and F.L. Howard. 1940. Bleeding canker of maples. Review of Applied Mycology 19:570–571. Carter, J.C. 1953. Phytophthora canker of Russian olive. Phy- topathology 43:468. Crandall, B.S., G.F. Gravatt, and M.M. Ryan. 1945. Root disease of Castanea species and some coniferous and broadleaf nursery stocks, caused by Phytophthora cin- namomi. Phytopathology 35:162–180. Figure 4. Bleeding canker on alder caused by unidenti- fied Phytophthora species. will hopefully lead to an increase in research and subsequent understanding of these diseases. LITERATURE CITED Anderson, R.L., and W.H. Hoffard. 1978. Fusarium canker- ambrosia beetle complex on tulip poplar in Ohio. Plant Disease Report 62:751. Barnard, E.L., and D.J. Mitchell. 1993. Phytophthora Basal Canker of Red Maple. Plant Pathology Circular No.361, Florida Department of Agriculture and Consumer Ser- vices. Bostock, R.M., and M.A. Doster. 1984. Association of Phy- tophthora syringae with pruning wound cankers in al- mond. Phytopathology 74:840. Brasier, C.M., P.A. Beales, S.A. Kirk, S. Denman, and J. Rose. 2005. Phytophthora kernoviae spp. nov. an invasive pathogen causing bleeding stem lesions on fests trees and foliar necrosis of ornamentals in Britain. Mycological Re- search 109:853–859. Creager, D.B. 1937. Phytophthora crown rot of Dogwood. Journal of the Arnold Arboretum 18:344–348. Day, W.R. 1932. The Ink disease in England. Forestry 6:182. ———. 1938. Root-rot of sweet chestnut and beech caused by species of Phytophthora I. Cause and symptoms of disease: Its relation to soil conditions. Forestry 12: 101–116. ———. 1939. Root-rot of sweet chestnut and beech caused by species of Phytophthora II. Inoculation experiments and methods of control. Forestry 13:46–58. Denman, S., S.A. Kirk, C.M. Brasier, K.J.D. Hughes, R. Grif- fin, E. Hobdon, and J.F. Webber. 2005. Foliar infection of sweet chestnut (Castanea sativa)by Phytophthora ramo- rum in the UK. Plant Pathology 54:581. Dochinger, L.S., and C.E. Seliskar. 1962. Fusarium canker found on yellow-poplar. Journal of Forestry 60:331–333. Drillias, M.J., J.E. Kuntz, and G.L. Worf. 1982. Collar rot and basal canker of sugar maple. Journal of Arboriculture 8:29–33. Erwin, D.C., and O.K. Ribeiro. 1996. Phytophthora Diseases Worldwide. APS Press, St. Paul, MN. 562 pp. Fawcett, H.S. 1923. Gummosis of citrus. Journal of Agricul- tural Research 24:191–235. ©2007 International Society of Arboriculture
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