134 DATA AND METHODS COMPARING SOCIAL STRUCTURE AND VEGETATION STRUCTURE OF URBAN NEIGHBORHOODS IN BALTIMORE, MARYLAND J. Morgan Grove, Mary L. Cadenasso, William R. Burch Jr., Steward T. Pickett, Kirsten Schwarz, Jarlath O’Neil-Dunne, Matthew Wilson, Austin Troy, and Christopher Boone Recent advances in remote sensing and the adoption of geo- graphic information systems (GIS) have greatly increased the availability of high-resolution spatial and attribute data for ex- amining the relationship between social and vegetation structure in urban areas. There are several motivations for understanding this relationship. First, the United States has experienced a sig- nificant increase in the extent of urbanized land. Second, urban foresters increasingly recognize their need for data about urban forestry types, owners and property regimes, and associated so- cial goods, benefits, and services. Third, previous research has focused primarily on the distribution of vegetation cover or di- versity. However, little is known about (1) whether vegetation structure varies among urban neighborhoods and (2) whether the motivations, pathways, and capacities for vegetation manage- ment vary among households and communities. In this article, we describe novel data and methods from Baltimore, MD, and the Baltimore Ecosystem Study (BES) to address these two ques- tions. (Society and Natural Resources 2006. 19:117–136) Arboricultural Abstracts RECREATIONAL TREE-CLIMBING PROGRAMS IN A RURAL JAPANESE COMMUNITY FOREST: SOCIAL IMPACTS AND FUN FACTORS John Gathright, Yozo Yamada, and Miyako Morita We examined whether recreational tree climbing (TC) activities would have positive social impacts and rejuvenate an outdoor activity center and surrounding community forest in central Ja- pan. Our case study comprised 3800 adults and children par- ticipating in TC activities at the Jyokoji Outdoor Activity Cen- ter (JOAC) in Seto, Japan. We focused on 1393 adult partici- pants whom we considered to be the decision makers regarding family recreation, and we explored both the social impacts of TC and various factors that contributed to and distracted from the overall experience. Qualitative and quantitative data indicated that elements such as age, gender, tree preferences, tree appre- ciation, tree education, and technical instruction influenced the enjoyment of recreational TC and the positive effects on tree climbers. Overall, the climbing program had positive social im- pacts for the community forest and contributed to local conser- vation initiatives. Our case study suggests that other areas can benefit from incorporating TC programs into community forest planning to complement aesthetic, ecological, and restoration benefits and provide a new venue for recreation and conservation awareness. (Urban Forestry & Urban Greening 2007. 6:169– 179) ©2008 International Society of Arboriculture
March 2008
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