256 Walker and Dahle: Likelihood of Failure of Trees Along Utility Rights-of-Way modes suggests a biological tuning to modal compartmental- ization. American Journal of Botany. 95(12):1523-1537. https://doi.org/10.3732/ajb.0800161 Sellier D, Fourcaud T, Lac P. 2006. A finite element model for investigating effects of aerial architecture on tree oscillations. Tree Physiology. 26(6):799-806. https://doi.org/10.1093/ treephys/26.6.799 Sinn G. 1990. Untersuchungen zur kippursache von eichen im Riederwald Frankfurt/Main. Zurich (Switzerland): Verlag SKV AG. Smiley ET. 2008. Root pruning and stability of young willow oak. Arboriculture & Urban Forestry. 34(2):123-128. https:// doi.org/10.48044/jauf.2008.016 Smiley ET, Matheny N, Lilly S. 2017. Best management practices— Tree risk assessment. 2nd Ed. Champaign (IL, USA): Inter- national Society of Arboriculture. 86 p. Spatz HC. 2000. Greenhill’s formula for the critical Euler buck- ling length revisited. In: Spatz HC, Speck T, editors. Pro- ceedings of the 3rd plant biomechanics conference; 2000 August 27–September 2; Freiburg-Badenweiler, Germany. Stuttgart, Baden-Württemerg (Germany): Georg Thieme Verlag. Spatz HC, Brüchert F. 2000. Basic biomechanics of self-supporting plants: Wind loads and gravitational loads on a Norway spruce tree. Forest Ecology Management. 135(1-3):33-44. https://doi .org/10.1016/S0378-1127(00)00296-6 Spatz HC, Brüchert F, Pfisterer J. 2007. Multiple resonance damping or how do trees escape dangerously large oscillations? American Journal of Botany. 94(10):1603-1611. https://doi .org/10.3732/ajb.94.10.1603 Spatz HC, Theckes B. 2013. Oscillation damping in trees. Plant Science. 207:66-71. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.plantsci.2013 .02.015 Stokes A. 1999. Strain distribution during anchorage failure of Pinus pinaster Ait. at different ages and tree growth response to wind-induced root movement. Plant and Soil. 217:17-27. https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1004613126353 Stokes A, Berthier S, Sacriste S, Martin F. 1998. Variations in maturation strains and root shape in root systems of Maritime pine (Pinus pinaster Ait.). Trees. 12:334-339. https://doi.org/ 10.1007/PL00009720 Suzuki S, Sakamoto T, Noguchi H. 2016. Wind damage risk estimation for strip cutting under current and future wind conditions based on moment observations in a coastal forest in Japan. Journal of Forest Research. 21(5):223-234. https:// doi.org/10.1007/s10310-016-0539-0 Telewski FW. 1995. Wind-induced physiological and develop- mental response in trees. In: Coutts MP, Grace J, editors. Wind and trees. Cambridge (UK): Cambridge University Press. p. 237-263. Theckes B, de Langre E, Boutillon X. 2011. Damping by branch- ing: A bioinspiration from trees. Bioinspiration & Biomimetics. 6(4):046010. https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-3182/6/4/046010 Tobin B, Čermák J, Chiatante D, Danjon F, Di Iorio A, Dupuy L, Eshel A, Jourdan C, Kalliokoski T, Laiho R, Nadezhdina N, Nicoll B, Pagès L, Silva J, Spanos I. 2007. Towards develop- mental modeling of tree root systems. Plant Biosystems. 141(3):481-501. https://doi.org/10.1080/11263500701626283 Vanomsen P. 2006. Der einfluss der durchforstung auf die ver- ankerung der fichte hinsichtlich ihrer sturmresistenz [doctoral thesis]. Zurich (Switzerland): ETH. https://doi.org/10.3929/ ethz-a-005195897 Virot E, Ponomarenko A, Dehandschoewercker É, Quéré D, Clanet C. 2016. Critical wind speed at which trees break. Physical Review E. 93:02300. https://doi.org/10.1103/ PhysRevE.93.023001 Wellpott A, Gardiner B, Salmén L. 2006. Wind loading on trees in a mature Sitka spruce forest. In: Proceedings of the 5th plant biomechanics conference; 2006 August 28–September 1; Stockholm, Sweden. Stockholm (Sweden): STFI-Packforsk. p. 323-328. Yan WM, Zhang L, Leung FTY, Yuen KV. 2016. Prediction of the root anchorage of native young plants using Bayesian inference. Urban Forestry & Urban Greening. 19:237-252. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ufug.2016.06.027 Zobel BJ, van Buijtenen JP. 1989. Wood variation: Its causes and control. Berlin (Germany): Springer Verlag. 363 p. ACKNOWLEDGMENTS We would like to thank Drs. Michael Strager, Timothy Warner, Aaron Maxwell, and Paul Kinder for assistance during the prepa- ration of this literature review. Financial support was received in part from the following sources: NIFA McIntire-Stennis Grant (WVA00819), TREE Fund UARF Grant #19-UAA-01, WVU Energy Institute Obrien Energy Research Funds Grant, and the WVU West Virginia Agriculture and Forestry Experiment Station (scientific article #3425). Figure 2 was drawn by Lucille Dahle. Mathew Walker (corresponding author) Davis College, Division of Forestry and Natural Resources West Virginia University Morgantown, WV, USA
[email protected] Gregory A. Dahle Davis College, Division of Forestry and Natural Resources West Virginia University Morgantown, WV, USA Conflicts of Interest: The authors reported no conflicts of interest. Résumé. Les gestionnaires du contrôle de la végétation aux abords des services publics ont besoin d’outils afin de prévoir les risques liés aux arbres et connaître les prescriptions d’interven- tion nécessaires pour réduire les risques de dommages causés par les chablis aux réseaux électriques aériens. Cette revue de littéra- ture se concentre sur les études fondamentales concernant la pro- babilité de défaillance des arbres, en débutant par une description et une discussion des défaillances chez les arbres, suivie d’une analyse des méthodologies utilisées pour estimer les défaillances des arbres, avant de conclure par une revue des facteurs considé- rés comme influençant la défaillance des arbres. En définitive, une meilleure compréhension de la probabilité de défaillance des arbres individuels et des relations régissant la défaillance des ©2022 International Society of Arboriculture
July 2022
| Title Name |
Pages |
Delete |
Url |
| Empty |
Ai generated response may be inaccurate.
Search Text Block
Page #page_num
#doc_title
Hi $receivername|$receiveremail,
$sendername|$senderemail wrote these comments for you:
$message
$sendername|$senderemail would like for you to view the following digital edition.
Please click on the page below to be directed to the digital edition:
$thumbnail$pagenum
$link$pagenum
