ARBORICULTURE ARBORICULTU & CONTENTS URBAN FORESTRY Volume 37, Issue 1, January 2011 Formerly the Journal of Arboriculture, 1975 – 2005 (Volumes 1 – 31) www.isa-arbor.com Justin Morgenroth and Rien Visser Aboveground Growth Response of Platanus orientalis to Porous Pavements ................................. 1 Abstract. Integrating healthy, mature trees into paved urban environments is a challenging task for urban foresters, as impervious pave- ments are associated with reduced tree growth and survival. It is thought that porous pavements may alleviate this problem due to their per- meability to air and water. The authors of the following study tested whether porous pavements affect tree growth relative to impervious pavements by measuring aboveground growth in trees treated with an augmented factorial arrangement of pavement profile designs and pavement types. Fiſty oriental plane (Platanus orientalis) seedlings were evenly distributed to control plots or one of four treatments. Treated plots were characterized either by porous or impervious pavement pads measuring 2.3 m × 2.3 m, that were underlain either by fine sandy loam or a gravel base and compacted subgrade, reflecting two pavement profile designs. Results show stem height, diameter, and bio- mass increased as a result of porous pavements. Greater growth proffered by porous pavements was negated by profile designs including a compacted subgrade and gravel base. Finally, impervious pavements did not negatively influence tree growth, relative to control trees. Key Words. Biomass; Oriental Plane; Permeable; Pervious; Road; Sidewalk; Soil Compaction; Street Tree. Joseph J. Doccola, David R. Smitley, Terrance W. Davis, John J. Aiken, and Peter M. Wild Tree Wound Responses Following Systemic Insecticide Trunk Injection Treatments in Green Ash (Fraxinus pennsylvanica Marsh.) as Determined by Destructive Autopsy ....................... 6 Abstract. Trunk injection of systemic insecticides or fungicides is an effective way to manage destructive insects or diseases of trees, but many arborists are still reluctant to inject trees because of the potential for infection by pathogens, structural damage, or adverse effects on tree health. The authors of the following study examined wound responses of green ash (Fraxinus pennsylvanica Marsh.) for two years follow- ing trunk injection, by sectioning tree trunks to look for evidence of infection associated with injection sites, and by collecting data on annual radial growth and rate of closure around injection sites. All healthy trees successfully compartmentalized injection wounds without any signs of infection, decay, or structural damage. Wound closure was positively correlated with the tree health as measured by annual radial growth. Key Words. Canopy Dieback; Decline; Emerald Ash Borer; Stem Injection; Systemic Insecticide; Tree Health; Wound Closure; Woundwood. Pascal Nzokou, Jessica Simons, and Anthony Weatherspoon Wood Residue Processing and Utilization in Southeastern Michigan, U.S. ................................... 13 Abstract. This paper is an analysis of southeastern Michigan, U.S.’s wood residue processing and disposal facilities. The analysis was conducted in order to characterize wood supply patterns, evaluate recovery efficiency, and identify potential alternatives for wood residues. Wood collection and processing facilities were identified and surveyed throughout a 14-county area. This study documented at least 180 wood residue yards operating in the region, which employed an average of six employees per yard (for a total of 1,082 employees in the industry). The total volume of wood entering the yards was quantified at 6,659.6 thousand cubic meters (5.3 million metric tons), mainly from land-clearing and tree removal. The wood residue supply was used to produce a total of 2,035.8 thousand cubic meter (1.6 million tons) tons of new products (e.g., wood chips, mulches, firewood), which were mainly sold locally. The over- all conversion rate was estimated at 30% for the entire industry, clearly indicating room for improvement. The industry is estimated to contribute approximately USD $40 million to Michigan’s economy. Improvement of conversion rates and value-added product devel- opment would require fundamental changes in equipment, training, and processes used by tree service and land clearing companies. Keywords. Disposal Yards; Urban Tree; Wood Residue; Wood Residue Recovery. ©2011 | International Society of Arboriculture | ISSN:1935-5297
January 2011
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