©2023 International Society of Arboriculture Arboriculture & Urban Forestry 49(5): September 2023 237 differences in the percentage of ash species among the organizations. Those municipalities that are actively treating large portions of their population of ash trees expectedly had much higher percentages than those that removed most of their ash trees or let them die as they were attacked by EAB. Species diversity appears to increase dramatically when looking at smaller diameter trees. When con- sidering only trees < 25.4 cm in diameter at breast height (DBH), no species made up more than 13.87% of the total inventory. The 10 most common species under 25.4 cm DBH were as follows: Norway maple (13.87%), honey locust (7.41%), Freeman maple (4.93%), hackberry (4.85%), crabapple (4.37%), Jap- anese tree lilac (Syringa reticulata)(4.24%), Callery pear (Pyrus calleryana)(3.62%), swamp white oak (Quercus bicolor)(3.13%), Kentucky coffeetree (Gymnocladus dioicus)(3.01%), and littleleaf linden (2.96%)(Figure 5). Additional diversity data were analyzed for multi- ple diameter classes at 12.7-cm intervals (Figure 6). Note the flattening of the inverse “J” shape coinciding with smaller DBH classes. These diameter classes were then used to calculate the Shannon Diversity Index of each individual diameter classification (Figure 7). Diameter has been used as a proxy for tree age (McPherson et al. 2016). Thus, the data may imply scenario, and this was paired with a heat zone projec- tion of 7. For the High climate change scenario, zones 7 and 9 were used for the cold hardiness zone and heat zone respectively. Additional climate projections were run as well to assess variability among different communities within the Milwaukee metropolitan area. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION Inventory Data The 10 most common species in the inventory col- lected were as follows: Norway maple (25.93%), honey locust (Gleditsia triacanthos)(9.46%), green ash (Fraxinus pennsylvanica)(9.40%), common hackberry (Celtis occidentalis)(3.75%), littleleaf linden (Tilia cordata)(3.08%), Freeman maple (Acer × freemanii) (2.75%), crabapple (2.59%), sugar maple (Acer sac- charum)(2.37%), white ash (Fraxinus americana) (2.23%), and American basswood (Tilia americana) (2.21%)(Figure 4). Although not necessarily part of this study, it was interesting to note the variance in species diversity based on the size of the organization, type of organi- zation (cemetery, park system, municipality, etc.), and population density. Notably, Norway maples made up 38% of the City of Milwaukee’s inventory, which was 12% higher than the entire Milwaukee metropolitan area inventory. There were also large ..... ..... ...... ...... ...... ...... ...... . ...... ...... ...... ...... ....... ....... ................................ ................ ..................... ...................... ................... ............. ................. .......... .............. .................. ............... .................. ................ ............ ............... ................... .......... ................ .................. .......... ............. Figure 4. The top 20 most utilized trees in the Milwaukee metropolitan area inventory.
September 2023
| Title Name |
Pages |
Delete |
Url |
| Empty |
Search Text Block
Page #page_num
#doc_title
Hi $receivername|$receiveremail,
$sendername|$senderemail wrote these comments for you:
$message
$sendername|$senderemail would like for you to view the following digital edition.
Please click on the page below to be directed to the digital edition:
$thumbnail$pagenum
$link$pagenum
Your form submission was a success. You will be contacted by Washington Gas with follow-up information regarding your request.
This process might take longer please wait
