Journal of Arboriculture 31(4): July 2005 169 Table 1 (continued). Growth responses of Fraxinus pennsylvanica and Koelreuteria bipinnata seedlings grown in 9.3 L (#3) containers and then transplanted to field plots with the root collar at grade, 7.6 cm (3 in.) above grade, or 7.6 cm (3 in.) below grade and maintained in a factorial combination with 0, 7.6, 15.2, and 22.9 cm (0, 3, 6, or 9 in.) layers of mulch over the 0.74 m2 (8 ft2 Years in 7.6 cm below grade At grade Mulch 0 7.6 15.2 22.9 0 7.6 15.2 22.9 7.6 cm above grade Significance of ANOVA effects Growing season Planting depth Growing season × planting depth Mulch thickness Growing season × mulch thickness Planting depth × mulch thickness Growing season × planting depth × mulch thickness 0 7.6 15.2 22.9 ) root zone. Fraxinus pennsylvanica Trunk 146 ± 10 23 ± 2 183 ± 16 34 ± 3 168 ± 16 25 ± 3 147 ± 12 24 ± 2 Koelreuteria bipinnata Trunk the field Planting depth thickness (mm) Height (cm) diameter (mm) Survival (%) Height (cm) diameter (mm) Survival (%) 3 100 ± 8 —— —— 40 ± 8 —— —— 44 ± 8 —— —— 73 ± 8 —— —— 192 ± 11 36 ± 2 172 ± 12 30 ± 2 150 ± 11 26 ± 2 152 ± 11 25 ± 2 189 ± 10 34 ± 2 175 ± 11 28 ± 2 166 ± 11 31 ± 2 155 ± 11 26 ± 2 ***y ** ns * ns ns ns *** ** ns ns ns ** ns 90 ± 8 —— —— 80 ± 8 —— —— 90 ± 8 —— —— 90 ± 8 —— —— 100 ± 8 —— —— 90 ± 8 —— —— 90 ± 8 —— —— 89 ± 8 —— —— *** *** *** *** * ** ns zLeast squares means (± standard errors) of ten seedlings for F. pennsylvanica and eight seedlings for K. bipinnata. y***, **, *, or ns indicates the statistical effect was significant at an alpha level of 0.001, 0.01, 0.05, or not significant, respectively. Table 2. Symptoms of foliar stress during the first growing season after transplant of Fraxinus pennsylvanica and Koelreuteria bipinnata seedlings from 9.3 L (#3) black plastic containers to landscape plots with the root collar at grade, 7.6 cm (3 in.) above grade, or 7.6 cm (3 in.) below grade and main- tained in a factorial combination with 0, 7.6, 15.2, and 22.9 cm (0, 3, 6, or 9 in.) layers of mulch over the 0.74 m2 (8 ft2 Planting depth 7.6 cm below grade At grade 7.6 cm above grade Significance of ANOVA effects Planting depth Mulch thickness Depth × mulch ) root zone. Fraxinus Mulch thickness (mm) 0 7.6 15.2 22.9 0 7.6 15.2 22.9 0 7.6 15.2 22.9 pennsylvanica (% of canopy) 74 ± 9.2z 77 ± 9.2 96 ± 9.6 86 ± 9.6 57 ± 9.2 83 ± 9.2 82 ± 9.2 77 ± 9.2 56 ± 9.2 82 ± 9.2 65 ± 8.7 71 ± 9.2 nsy * ns zLeast squares means (± standard errors) of ten seedlings for F. pennsylvanica or eight seedlings for K. bipinnata. y***, **, *, or ns indicates the statistical effect was significant at an alpha level of 0.001, 0.01, 0.05, or not significant, respectively. ©2005 International Society of Arboriculture Koelreuteria bipinnata (% of canopy) 86 ± 9.3 100 ± 9.9 100 ± 9.9 100 ± 11.7 59 ± 9.9 81 ± 9.9 72 ± 9.3 83 ± 10.7 56 ± 10.7 71 ± 9.9 75 ± 9.3 91 ± 9.3 ** ** ns *** *** ** ns ns ns ns *** ** *** ns ns ns * —— —— —— —— —— —— —— —— —— —— —— —— *** *** ** *** ns ns ns
July 2005
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