194 Hilbert et al: Urban Tree Mortality: A Literature Review Appendix Table 2. Urban tree mortality rates for repeated inventory studies of uneven-aged trees. Time period t is years since planting. Rates were reported directly in the studies, except those with †, which were calculated using data provided in the study. When a range of mortality and time periods were reported, the maximum and minimum values were used in calculations. Citation Impens and Delcarte (1979) City and state Brussels, Belgium Sample type(s) and Time sample size (no ) Street trees 1974 (75,653) 1975 (80,493) 1976 (82,374) 1977 (81,581) Dawson and Nowak (1986) Urbana, IL Syracuse, NY Syracuse and Rochester, NY Miller and Neely (1993) Hauer et al. (1994) Hickman et al. Nowak et al. (2004) Champaign, IL Milwaukee, WI Lodi, CA Baltimore, MD Street trees (1768) Street trees (1454) Street trees (1160) 50 7 9 t (yrs) 1 Annual mortality qannual (%) 2.8 2.6 3.3 1.9 1.1 2.4† 2.3† Paper also provides mortality rates for species, dbh, curbing, strip width, situation, adjacent land use, utilities, crown, ground disturbance, and condition. Street trees, campus and city parkways (98) Street trees Park trees (695) All trees (1396) Transportation (33) Commercial/ industrial (15) Urban open (228) High density residential (77) Forest (728) Low-medium density residential (136) Institutional (4) Barren (7) Jim (2005) Hong Kong, China Heritage trees in parks 10 1.5† Performed post-mortem assessments to explain possible relationships between predisposing factors and eventual tree loss. Boyce (2010) New York City, NY Street trees in pits With stewardship Without stewardship > 4 0.49 1.9 Paper also provides mortality rates for new and established trees based on growing season. 10 7 2 2.3 1.28 6.6 20.2 10.6 8.2 6.0 5.9 2.2 0 0 5 1.5† Trenched in 1987, annual growth and mortality data collected through 1991. Compared survival of street trees damaged by construction to those not damaged during 1981-1985. Paper also provides mortality for dbh class, condition, and species. Study notes ©2019 International Society of Arboriculture
September 2019
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