208 Watson et al.: Management of Tree Root Systems in Urban and Suburban Settings Blackwell, P.S., and E.A. Wells. 1983. Limiting oxygen flux densities for oat root extension. Plant and Soil 73:129–139. Blake, J., J. Zaerr, and S. Hee. 1979. Controlled moisture stress to improve cold hardiness and morphology of Douglas-fir seed- lings. Forest Science 25:576–582. Blaker, N.S., and J.D. MacDonald. 1981. Predisposing effects of soil moisture extremes on the susceptibility of rhododendron to Phytophthora root and crown rot. Phytopathology 71:831–834. Blaker, N.S., and J.D. MacDonald. 1985. Effects of soil salinity on the formation of sporangia and zoospores of three isolates of Phytophthora. Phytopathology 75:270–274. Blaker, N.S., and J.D. MacDonald. 1986. The role of salinity in the development of Phytophthora root rot of citrus. Phytopathology 76:970–975. Bloom, A.J., F.S. Chapin III, and H.A. Mooney. 1985. Resource limi- tation in plants: An economic analogy. Annual Review of Ecol- ogy and Systematics 16:363–392. Blouin, V. M., M.G. Schmidt, C.E. Bulmer, and M. Krzic. 2005. Me- chanical disturbance impacts on soil properties and lodgepole pine growth in British Columbia’s central interior. Canadian Journal of Soil Science 85:681–691. Blouin, V.M., M.G. Schmidt, C.E. Bulmer, and M. Krzic. 2008. Effects of compaction and water content on lodgepole pine seed- ling growth. Forest Ecology and Management 255:2444–2452. Blume, H-P. 1989. Characteristics of urban soils. pp. 23–46. In: German National committee (Ed.). UNESCO programme: Man and the Biosphere. International Scientific Workshop on Soils and Soil Zoology in Urban Ecosystems as a Basis for Manage- ment and Use of Green/Open Spaces. Bockheim, J.G. 1974. Nature and properties of highly disturbed urban soils, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. Paper presented before Div. S-5. Soil Science Society of America, Chicago, Illinois, U.S. Bozkurt, M.A., T. Yardgac., and A. Yazzici. 2010. The use of sewage sludge as an organic matter source in apple trees. Polish Journal of Environmental Studies 19:267–274. Brady, N.C., and R.R. Weil. 1996. The Nature and Properties of Soils. Prentice Hall, Upper Saddle River, New Jersey, U.S. 960 pp. Brais, S., and C. Camire. 1998. Soil compaction induced by careful logging in the claybelt region of northwestern Quebec (Canada). Canadian Journal of Soil Science 78:197–206. Braun, S., and W. Fluckiger. 1998. Soil amendments for plantings of urban trees. Soil & Tillage Research 49:201–209. Broschat, T.K., and M.L. Elliot. 2009. Effects of fertilization and microbial inoculants applied at transplanting on the growth of Mexican fan palm and queen palm. HortTechnology 19:324–330. Bullock, P., and P.J. Gregory. 1991. Soils in the Urban Environment. Blackwell Scientific Publications, Oxford, Great Britain. 174 pp. Bulmer, C.E., and D.G. Simpson. 2005. Soil compaction and water content as factors affecting the growth of lodgepole pine seed- lings on sandy clay loam soil. Canadian Journal of Soil Science 85:667–679. Callebaut, F., D. Gabriels, W. Minjauw, and M. De Boodt. 1982. Redox potential, oxygen diffusion rate, and soil gas composi- tion in relation to water table level in two soils. Soil Science 134:149–156. Carey, A.E., J.A. Gowan, T.J. Forenanol, H.Tai, and G.B. Wiersma. 1980. Heavy metal concentrations in soils of five United States cities, 1972 Urban Soils Monitoring Program. Pesticides Moni- toring Journal 13:150–154. Carlson, W.C. 1986. Root system considerations in the quality of loblolly pine seedlings. Southern Journal of Applied Forestry 10:87–92. Carnell, R., and M.A. Anderson. 1986. A technique for extensive field measurement of soil anaerobism by using rusting of steel rods. Forestry 59:129–140. Carter, C.E., and B. Rouge. 1986. Oxidation reduction due to a high water table. pp. 112–114. In: J. Saavalainen and P. Vakkilainen (Eds.). Proceedings, International Seminar on Land Drainage. Helsinki University of Technology, Helsinki, Finland. Chalker-Scott, L. 2007. Impact of mulches on landscape plants and the environment: A review. Journal of Environmental Horticul- ture 25:239–249. Chan, K.Y., L. Van Zwieten, I. Meszaros, A. Downie, and S. Joseph. 2007. Agronomic values of greenwaste biochar as a soil amend- ment. Australian Journal of Soil Research 45:629–634. Chiapperini, G., and J.R. Donnelly. 1978. Growth of sugar maple seedlings in compacted soil. pp. 196–200. In: C.A. Hollis and A.E. Squillace (Eds.). Proceedings of the Fiſth North American Forest Biology Workshop. School of Forest Resources and Con- servation, University of Florida, Gainesville and The Southeast- ern Forest Experiment Station, USDA Forest Service. Chinnow, D. 1975. Bodenveranderungen durch Carbonate und Streusalze im Westberliner Stadtgebiet. Mitteil Deutsche Bodenkundliche Gesellschaſt 22:355–358. Clapp, C.E., S.A. Stark, D.E. Clay, and W.E. Larson. 1986. Sewage sludge organic matter and soil properties. pp. 209–253. In: Y. Chen and Y. Avnimelech (Eds.). The Role of Organic Matter in Modern Agriculture. Martinus Nijhoff Publishers, Dordrecht, Netherlands. Clark, L.J., W.R. Whalley, and P.B. Barraclough. 2003. How do roots penetrate strong soil? Plant and Soil 255:93–104. Cogger, C., R., Hummel, J. Hart, and A. Bary. 2008. Soil and redosier dogwood response to incorporated and surface-applied com- post. HortScience 43:2143–2150. Cogger, C.G. 2005. Potential compost benefits for restoration of soils disturbed by urban development. Compost Science & Utilization 13:243–251. Corkidi, L., E.B. Allen, D. Merhaut, M.F. Allen, J. Downer, J. Bohn, and M. Evans. 2005. Effectiveness of commercial mycorrhizal inoculants on the growth of Liquidambar styraciflua in plant nursery conditions. Journal of Environmental Horticulture 23:72–76. Corns, I.G.W., and D.G. Maynard. 1998. Effects of soil compaction and chipped aspen residue on aspen regeneration and soil nutri- ents. Canadian Journal of Soil Science 78:85–92. Craul, P.J. 1985. A description of urban soils and their desired char- acteristics. Journal of Arboriculture 11:330–339. Craul, P.J. 1992. Urban Soils in Landscape Design. John Wiley & Sons Inc., New York, New York, U.S. 396 pp. Craul, P.J., and C.F. Klein. 1980. Characterization of streetside soils in Syracuse, New York. METRIA 3:88–101. Cunningham, M.A., E. Snyder, D. Yonkin, M. Ross, and E. Toren. 2008. Accumulation of deicing salts in soils in an urban envi- ronment. Urban Ecosystems 11:17–31. Currie, J.A. 1984. Gas diffusion through soil crumbs: The effects of compaction and wetting. Journal of Soil Science 35:1–10. Czerniawska-Kusza, I., G. Kusza, and M. Duzynski. 2004. Effect of deicing salts on urban soils and health status of roadside trees in the Opole region. Environmental Toxicolology 19:296–301. ©2014 International Society of Arboriculture
July 2014
Title Name |
Pages |
Delete |
Url |
Empty |
Search Text Block
Page #page_num
#doc_title
Hi $receivername|$receiveremail,
$sendername|$senderemail wrote these comments for you:
$message
$sendername|$senderemail would like for you to view the following digital edition.
Please click on the page below to be directed to the digital edition:
$thumbnail$pagenum
$link$pagenum
Your form submission was a success. You will be contacted by Washington Gas with follow-up information regarding your request.
This process might take longer please wait