300 Arboriculture & Urban Forestry 2007. 33(4):300–301. Arboricultural Abstracts ARBORICULTURAL ABSTRACTS PROMOTING ECOSYSTEM AND HUMAN HEALTH IN URBAN AREAS USING GREEN INFRASTRUCTURE: A LITERATURE REVIEW Konstantinos Tzoulas, Kalevi Korpela, Stephen Venn, Vesa Yli-Pelkonen, Aleksandra Kaz ´mierczak, Jari Niemela, and Philip James Europe is a highly urbanised continent. The consequent loss and degradation of urban and peri-urban green space could adversely affect ecosystems as well as human health and well-being. The aim of this paper is to formulate a conceptual framework of associations between urban green space, and ecosystem and human health. Through an interdisciplinary literature review the concepts of Green Infrastructure, eco- system health, and human health and well-being are dis- cussed. The possible contributions of urban and peri-urban green space systems, or Green Infrastructure, on both eco- system and human health are critically reviewed. Finally, based on a synthesis of the literature a conceptual framework is presented. The proposed conceptual framework highlights many dynamic factors, and their complex interactions, affect- ing ecosystem health and human health in urban areas. This framework forms the context into which extant and new re- search can be placed. In this way it forms the basis for a new interdisciplinary research agenda. (Landscape and Urban Planning 2007. 81(3):167–178) ARE RESIDENTS WILLING TO PAY FOR THEIR COMMUNITY FORESTS? RESULTS OF A CONTINGENT VALUATION SURVEY IN MISSOURI, USA Thomas Treiman and Justine Gartner Publicly owned trees have important environmental and ame- nity values contributing to the quality of urban life. Commu- nity officials charged with managing this resource face a lack of funding and underestimate the value that residents place on street trees. A survey of residents in 44 Missouri, USA, com- munities included a contingent valuation method item de- signed to estimate how residents’ willingness-to-pay for im- proved tree care and maintenance varied with community size and location. Residents in communities with a population of 50,000 or more, in the St. Louis and Kansas City suburbs, and in St. Louis and Kansas City show strong support for a ballot issue establishing a tree fund supported by a tax of between $14 and $16 per household per year. The results of this sur- vey, together with recent surveys of community forestry of- ficials and street tree inventories, are used to make recom- ©2007 International Society of Arboriculture mendations to state agencies charged with managing commu- nity forests. (Urban Studies 2006. 43(9):1537–1548) FIELD STUDIES OF CONTROL OF ANOPLOPHORA GLABRIPENNIS (COLEOPTERA: CERAMBYCIDAE) USING FIBER BANDS CONTAINING THE ENTOMOPATHOGENIC FUNGI METARHIZIUM ANISOPLIAE AND BEAUVERIA BRONGNIARTII A.E. Hajek, B. Huang, T. Dubois, M.T. Smith, and Z. Li The Asian longhorned beetle, Anoplophora glabripennis, was first found attacking urban street trees in the United States in 1996 and in Canada in 2003. This tree-killing invasive insect has long been a major pest in China and is difficult to control because immature stages live within wood and long-lived adults are often located high in tree canopies. A microbial control product (Biolisa kamikiri) consisting of non-woven fiber bands impregnated with cultures of an entomopatho- genic fungus, Beauveria brongniartii, is marketed in Japan for control of a congeneric orchard pest. Replicated field trials were conducted in Anhui, China to compare Biolisa kamikiri with similarly prepared bands containing Metarhiz- ium anisopliae for control of A. glabripennis. One fungal band was placed at 2–2.5 m height, around the stem or major scaffold branch on each of 40 willow trees (Salix spp.) per plot, with five plots for each fungal treatment and five control plots. Adult beetles collected from fungal-treated plots 7–22 days after bands were attached to trees died faster than adults from control plots. Beetles exposed to B. brongniartii bands consistently died faster than controls throughout this period, while results from plots with M. anisopliae bands were not as consistent in differing from controls. Numbers of adult beetles from plots of each fungal species dying in 3.5-m high in trees, with adults in B. brongniartii-treated plots higher within trees than adults in other plots. (Biocontrol Science and Technology 2006. 16(3):329–343) GEOSPATIAL METHODS PROVIDE TIMELY AND COMPREHENSIVE URBAN FOREST INFORMATION Kathleen T. Ward and Gary R. Johnson Urban forests are unique and highly valued resources. How- ever, trees in urban forests are often under greater stress than those in rural or undeveloped areas due to soil compaction, restricted growing spaces, high temperatures, and exposure to air and water pollution. In addition, conditions change more
July 2007
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